Blog20210131 のバックアップ差分(No.3)

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2021年1月31日図書館にて

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日経サイエンス 2021年3月号
*日経サイエンス 2021年3月号

階層社会 農耕社会に余剰が生じ，それを不均等に配分するようになって，不平等が生まれたのだろう．

黙示録のような大虐殺

細野（東工大）　窒化セリウムとNiでアンモニア合成

書評　脳の大統一理論　乾，岩波；　脳を司る「脳」　毛内拡

兵庫県立姫路東高　川勝和哉（教員）　プラズマ　京大 2019年　ひらめきサイエンスで　シャー芯を電子レンジで火の玉を実現，Naの輝線の起源を解明した．

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生物と化学 59巻1号
*生物と化学 59巻1号

柘植陽太　ACS synth Biol 9, 814; 1615 (2020) グルコースと炭素フラックス　酵母の代謝

村上，太田啓太　FEBS Lett 594, 3384 (2020) 藻類の脂質代謝 TAG蓄積　PSR1　と　LRL1

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化学　2021年2月号
*化学　2021年2月号

Ertl と Somorjai 表面，界面の科学　アンモニア合成の　鉄触媒表面　N2+H3->2NH3 をAESとUPSなどで解明した．SomorjaiはSFGでCO等を調べたがノーベル化学賞の受賞には至らなかった．

L. Gu Nature 581, 278 (2020) EC-EYE　眼をつくっている．

書評 A. Parker 「眼の誕生」草思社 (2006)　これは，カンブリア紀にできたという眼という器官のはなし

ラボマネ　指示→コーチ→援助→委任　これはSL理論　Hersy Blanchard（1969）にあるらしい．状況適合型リーダーシップと呼ばれる．　「新1分間リーダーシップ」と言う本がある．（2015）

書評　R. M. Hazen　「交響曲第6番炭素物語」　執筆は6番だけなのか？ 原題は　Symphony in C: Carbon and the Evolution of (Almost) Everything　となっている．　[[natureの書評>https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-01793-4]] An ode to carbon (カーボンへの頌歌)と紹介されている．ハ長調（Cメジャー）となっている．交響曲第6番となるのは，シューベルト作曲のものになるのか．ベートーベンなら「田園」だけども，特にハ長調だけではない．日本語だと調子からC調とか調子の良いとも言えるけど，書評では「arioso da capo and scherzo」と表現されてて，イタリアっぽいふざけた感じが上手く表現されているのかもしれない．

書評　化学同人「相分離生物学」

書評　ミースフェルド「生化学」 新しい構成の生化学の教科書と言われている．

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2021年1月31日　論文

-CLAS
--Chemical looping ammonia synthesis
*Chemical looping ammonia synthesis CLAS

Chemical looping ammonia synthesis (hereafter referred to as CLAS) decouples the overall ammonia synthesis reaction into several step-wise reactions

With regard to the CLAS with H2 as the hydrogen source, there are two types of nitrogen carriers reported so far, i.e., transition metal nitrides (denoted as TMNs) and alkali or alkaline earth metal imides (denoted as ANHs), respectively.
With regard to the CLAS with H&SUB(2); as the hydrogen source, there are two types of nitrogen carriers reported so far, i.e., transition metal nitrides (denoted as TMNs) and alkali or alkaline earth metal imides (denoted as ANHs), respectively.

Schematic diagram of CLAS mediated by the MnNx–ANH composite N carrier. AH stands for LiH or BaH2, and ANH stands for Li2NH or BaNH.
Schematic diagram of CLAS mediated by the MnNx–ANH composite N carrier. AH stands for LiH or BaH&SUB(2);, and ANH stands for Li2NH or BaNH.

DOI: 10.1039/d0ta10519h

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-Radical and non-radical reactions
*Radical and non-radical reactions

Cobalt Single Atoms Embedded in Nitrogen-Doped Graphene for Selective Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol by Activated Peroxymonosulfate
**Cobalt Single Atoms Embedded in Nitrogen-Doped Graphene for Selective Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol by Activated Peroxymonosulfate

DOI: 10.1002/smll.202004579

the dynamically catalytic effect of single cobalt atoms embedded in nitrogen-doped graphene for selective oxidation of BzOH by activated peroxymonosulfate.

The incorporated Co atoms function as active sites for Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation via both radical and non-radical pathways.

reactive •OH, SO4•−, and SO5•− radicals
reactive •OH, SO&SUB(4);&SUP(•−);, and SO&SUB(5);&SUP(•−); radicals

the catalyst-mediated electron transfer by surface complexed substrate/PMS and the singlet oxygen (&SUP(1);O&SUB(2);).

if the 1O2 is able to induce the non-radical oxidation of BzOH, BzH can also be oxidized by 1O2.
if the &SUP(1);O&SUB(2); is able to induce the non-radical oxidation of BzOH, BzH can also be oxidized by &SUP(1);O&SUB(2);.

コバルトの原子がグラフィン上でBzOHを吸着する時，PMS由来のSO系のラジカルが反応する，のとは別に，グラフェンに電子を渡して酸化して，グラフェンがPMSを還元するパスを考えている．まだ，この点は，証明しきれていない．

メモ　他にも沢山出ていることが判明．

--Almost 100% Peroxymonosulfate Conversion to Singlet Oxygen on Single-Atom CoN2+2 Sites
**Almost 100% Peroxymonosulfate Conversion to Singlet Oxygen on Single-Atom CoN&SUB(2);&SUP(+2); Sites

DOI:10.1002/anie.202014472

--Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol Compounds in the Presence of Carbon Hybrid Supported Platinum Nanoparticles (Pt@CHs) in Oxygen Atmosphere
**Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol Compounds in the Presence of Carbon Hybrid Supported Platinum Nanoparticles (Pt@CHs) in Oxygen Atmosphere

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62400-5

--Pt@CHs catalyst was carried out under molecular oxygen and at 80 °C.
Pt@CHs catalyst was carried out under molecular oxygen and at 80 °C.

Nonradicals induced degradation of organic pollutants by peroxydisulfate (PDS) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS): Recent advances and perspective
白金がBzOHを配位してBzHにして，白金が+2酸化されるところに，分子状酸素が白金を0価に還元する．O＆SUB(2);→H＆SUB(2);O＆SUB(2);→H＆SUB(2);O＋1/2 O＆SUB(2);という反応．

DOI: 0.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142794
**Nonradicals induced degradation of organic pollutants by peroxydisulfate (PDS) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS): Recent advances and perspective

--Selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde with hydrogen peroxide over tetra-alkylpyridinium octamolybdate catalysts
DOI: 0.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142794　(2021)

**Selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde with hydrogen peroxide over tetra-alkylpyridinium octamolybdate catalysts

DOI: 10.1039/b700534b (2007)


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-Polyazanes
*Polyazanes

--Synthesis and Properties of Higher Nuclearity Polyazanes
**Synthesis and Properties of Higher Nuclearity Polyazanes

DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004830

polyazanes are a new class of nitrogen-containing molecules that until now had not been considered as a
family with similar properties. We showed that this is indeed the case, as similarly substituted polyazanes with growing numbers of linked nitrogen atoms gradually fold to form helices and become increasingly less oxidizable.

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--Molecular Mechanism for the Self-Supported Synthesis of Graphitic Carbon Nitride from Urea Pyrolysis
**Molecular Mechanism for the Self-Supported Synthesis of Graphitic Carbon Nitride from Urea Pyrolysis

DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03559

(i) the synthesis of g-C3N4 monolayers does require intermediate linear melon structures, or inversely,
(i) the synthesis of g-C&SUB(3);N&SUB(4); monolayers does require intermediate linear melon structures, or inversely,

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--Challenges in Controlled Thermal Deposition of Organic Diradicals
**Challenges in Controlled Thermal Deposition of Organic Diradicals

DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c03880

it is possible to evaporate diradicals in a controlled environment obtaining thin films in which the diradical character is preserved.

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--Defective Nanographenes Containing Seven-Five-Seven (7−5−7)-Membered Rings
**Defective Nanographenes Containing Seven-Five-Seven (7−5−7)-Membered Rings

DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12116

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--Charge-Assisted Engineering of Color Centers in Diamond
**Charge-Assisted Engineering of Color Centers in Diamond

DOI: 10.1002/pssa.202000614

the way to an advanced engineering of single defects in the solid-state

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-RF discharge diagnostics: Some problems and their resolution
*RF discharge diagnostics: Some problems and their resolution

J. Appl. Phys. 129, 041101 (2021); [[link:https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0024258]]

 “The supreme judge of any physics theory is the experiment. Without experiments theoreticians turn sour” - Lev Landau

物理学の理論の最高裁判所は実験である。実験がなければ，理論家はいても意味がない。－レフ・ダヴィドヴィッチ・ランダウ

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-Van Allen radiation belts
*Van Allen radiation belts

地球の周りにある太陽風からの陽子と電子をトラップした箇所

Energization to ultrarelativistic energies　（粒子の速度が光速に近いとき）

plasma number density drops down to very low values (~10 cm–3).

Allison et al., Sci. Adv. 2021; 7 : eabc0380 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc0380

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-出芽酵母の変異体
*出芽酵母の変異体

Improving the Level of the Tyrosine Biosynthesis Pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae through HTZ1 Knockout and Atmospheric and Room Temperature Plasma (ARTP) Mutagenesis
**Improving the Level of the Tyrosine Biosynthesis Pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae through HTZ1 Knockout and Atmospheric and Room Temperature Plasma (ARTP) Mutagenesis

DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.0c00448

Atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) mutagenesis can induce breakage in plasmid DNA and oligonucleotides through treatment with a diverse range of plasma doses. (15 Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 98, 5387−5396.)

NK-B2 was subsequently used as the starting strain to further enhance the production of tyrosine by ARTP mutagenesis.

Under the reaction catalyzed by tyrosine hydroxylase and DOPA dioxygenase (DOD), betalamic acid is converted from tyrosine, and finally, betaxanthins are produced through a spontaneous reaction between free
amines or amino acids and betalamic acid. (48 Plant Cell Physiol. 50, 1012−1016.; 49 Trends Plant Sci.
18, 334−343. )

メモ：チロシン　C9H11NO3，ベタラミン酸　C9H9NO5

Samples were treated with a helium plasma jet at 115 W RF power input and 10 standard liter per minute (SLM) gas flow; the plasma torch nozzle exit and the sample plate were 2 mm apart.

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-微細加工
--Mass Fabrication of 3D Silicon Nano-/Microstructures by Fab-Free Process Using Tip-Based Lithography
*微細加工
**Mass Fabrication of 3D Silicon Nano-/Microstructures by Fab-Free Process Using Tip-Based Lithography

DOI: 10.1002/smll.202005036

scanning probe lithography (SPL) combined with metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE)

dip-pen nanolithography (DPN) with polymer or by nanoshaving alkanethiol self-assembled monolayers (SAMs)

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anilox roll アニロックス　輪転印刷機のローラーに小さなインクを溜めるセルができたもの　（参照　フレキソ印刷）　

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 I never teach my pupils, I only provide the conditions in which they can learn. – Albert Einstein

私は決して生徒たちに教えません。学習できるように環境を用意するだけです。（アインシュタイン）

 Tell me and I’ll forget. Show me and I may remember. Involve me and I learn”.– Benjamin Franklin

言われたことは、忘れる。教わったことは、覚える。自分でやったことは、身についている。（フランクリン）

 By learning you will teach; by teaching you will learn. –Latin Proverb

Docendo discimus (Latin) という諺（ことわざ）．英語で by teaching, we learn　と言う意味（Phil Collinsという音楽家が同じようなことを言っているらしい．）

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-ニューロモフィック　コンピューティング
*ニューロモフィック　コンピューティング

--Learning in Energy-Efficient Neuromorphic Computing (Nan Zheng, The University of Michigan) (IEEE, Wiley, 2020)
**Learning in Energy-Efficient Neuromorphic Computing (Nan Zheng, The University of Michigan) (IEEE, Wiley, 2020)

---5. Hardware Implementations of Spiking Neural Networks
5. Hardware Implementations of Spiking Neural Networks

---6. Conclusions
6. Conclusions

単行本で，ソフトウェア－ハードウェアの協調設計の観点で書かれていると思う．

--Convolutional networks for fast, energy-efficient neuromorphic computing
**Convolutional networks for fast, energy-efficient neuromorphic computing

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1604850113 (2016)

--Energy efficient neuromorphic computing: circuits, interconnects and architecture (Minsuk Koo, Purdue University) (2020)
**Energy efficient neuromorphic computing: circuits, interconnects and architecture (Minsuk Koo, Purdue University) (2020)

--Spin-neurons: A possible path to energy-efficient neuromorphic computers 
**Spin-neurons: A possible path to energy-efficient neuromorphic computers 

DOI: 10.1063/1.4838096 (2013) 

--Brain-inspired computing becomes complete
**Brain-inspired computing becomes complete

Oliver Rhodes Nature 586, p. 364 (2020) 

次の論文のNews&Viewsの記事

--A system hierarchy for brain-inspired computing
**A system hierarchy for brain-inspired computing

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2782-y (2020)

フォンノイマン型との類推で，ニューロン型のアーキテクチャーを整理した．

--Emerging Memristive Artificial Synapses and Neurons for Energy-Efficient Neuromorphic Computing
**Emerging Memristive Artificial Synapses and Neurons for Energy-Efficient Neuromorphic Computing

DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004659 (2020)

主にメモリスタによる人工ニューロンの材料面からのレビュー

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-シラードエンジン
--Information-to-work conversion by Maxwell's demon in a superconducting circuit quantum electrodynamical system
*シラードエンジン
**Information-to-work conversion by Maxwell's demon in a superconducting circuit quantum electrodynamical system

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03686-y (2018)

--Maxwell's demon in biochemical signal transduction with feedback loop
**Maxwell's demon in biochemical signal transduction with feedback loop

DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8498 (2015)

--生きている系の統計力学 (岡田康志)
**生きている系の統計力学 (岡田康志)

DOI: 10.2142/biophys.60.188 (2020)

--Maxwell's Demon — A Historical Review
**Maxwell's Demon — A Historical Review

DOI: 10.3390/e19060240 (2017)

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